General Analysis of Frequency Containment and Restoration Reserves of Wind Power Plants in Power Systems

Abstract

The increasing share of renewable energies, such as photovoltaics and wind power, lead to an all new situation in power systems over the past years. It changes the demand and possibilities of providing ancillary services like frequency containment (FCR) and restoration reserves (FRR). To cover the reduction of conventional generation units, which are usually used to provide those services, new possibilities have to be analysed. The aim of this paper is to show the possibilities of providing FCR and FRR by pitch controlled wind power plants, regarding the overall dynamic system behaviour. Hence, a basic grid model with an integrated wind park, using pitch-control to adjust its power output, is being introduced and described. The simulation results of different wind situations during a power loss in the grid are then presented in order to assert the practicability of wind power plants providing FCR and FRR. As a conclusion, it is to ascertain that, pitch-control can be a way to support conventional units in providing ancillary services, but can’t be a stand-alone solution.