Thermodynamic Simulation of Photovoltaic Panels Installed in Surfaces with Different Albedo Indices using the Finite Element Method

Abstract

High temperatures decrease the output voltage in photovoltaic panels, interfering in the energy generation process. This article presents simulation results that demonstrate the interference of the surface material on which the photovoltaic panels are installed in the panels operation temperature. The study was developed from the thermodynamic simulation model using the finite element method. The cases were analyzed from the construction of a three-dimensional design with two photovoltaic panels installed on a surface of galvanized steel of 80m², which had 20m² of area covered by a reflective paint. Ten simulation routines were performed considering the different indices of solar irradaytion in a period of 18 hours. The simulation results confirmed that the surface of the panels installation was cooled to 20°C after the coating application. Measurements from a thermal camera was presented showing the heat transfer in the materials, and the temperature profile of the panels and the surface of the roof with and without the reflective paint.