Network losses with photovoltaic and storage

Abstract

Recent   development   of   dispersed   generation   technologies   employing   sustainable   energy   resources   has   encouraged  the  entry  of  power  generation  at  distribution  level.  The  close  distance  between  load  and  generation  reduces  the  network  losses.  However,  DG  system  with  electronic  devices  gives   harmonic   distortion.   Harmonics   introduce   additional   losses  and  could  cause  premature  ageing  as  well  as  earlier  re-investment  of  network  components.  This  paper  examines  the  network  losses  of  a  grid-connected  photovoltaic  (PV).  The  fundamental and harmonic losses of main network components, including transformer  and  cables,  are  calculated  and  compared  among three cases: 1) without PV, 2) with PV, and, 3) with PV and storage.